Thursday, August 28, 2008

गणित में ९९% अंक

दीक्षा वर्मा को कक्षा १० की परीक्षा में गणित में ९९% अंक मिले ।

समाचार पत्रिका का विमोचन

आज दिनांक २८ अगस्त २००८ को विद्यालय के प्रथम समाचार पत्र का विमोचन इस विद्यालय के प्रथम एवं द्वितीय प्राचार्य श्री यू एस यादव और श्री जी के पाण्डेय द्वारा किया गया । पूर्व प्राचार्यों से छात्रों एवं शिक्षकों को भी सम्बोधित किया ।

Sunday, August 10, 2008

LIST OF HANDS-ON ACTIVITIES IN MATHEMATICS



LIST OF HANDS-ON ACTIVITIES IN MATHEMATICS

FOR CLASSES III TO VIII

 

Mathematics Laboratory

 

            The concept of Mathematics Laboratory has been introduced by the Board in its affiliated schools with the objective of

 

  • Making teaching and learning of the subject interactive, participatory, funfilling and joyful from primary stage of schooling.

 

  • Strengthening the learning of mathematical concepts through concrete materials and hands-on-experiences.

 

  • Relating classroom learning to real life situations and discourage rote and mechanical learning.

 

                  The Board has already published detailed guidelines for Mathematical Laboratory in schools for class IX and class X including hands-on activities to be done during these academic years.

 

                  Given below is the list of activities to be done by the students in classes III to VIII during each academic year.

 

 

 

 

CLASS 3

 

Activity 1:       To draw the following on a dot paper (i) a hut (ii) a joker  (iii) a flower

 

Activity 2:       To represent the following pair of numbers on straight lines, using

                        stickers.  Also   find the greater number from the representation

                        (i) 7 and 11 (ii) 9 and 5

 

Activity 3:       Group Activity: Body Mathematics

 

                        Divide the class in groups of 5 students (say)

                       

                        Using a measuring tape ask each group to measure the following

i)                   Length of the right palm

ii)                 Width of the right palm

iii)                Length of the right ear

iv)               Width of the smile

 

Ask them to note down the following observations:

 

i)                    Which group member has longest palm length?

ii)                   Which group member has shortest palm length?

iii)                 Which group member has widest smile?

iv)                 Which group member has longest ear length?

v)                  Which group member has shortest ear length?

 

Activity 4:        To measure the dimensions of door or window of room in your house                           using a 1 m long thick thread?

 

Activity 5:       a) To count the edges and corners of the following objects

                        i) Ruler                         ii) Rectangular paper     iii) Dice             iv) Shoe box

                        v) Alphabet 'O'

 

                

 

 

                     b) Fold a rectangular paper from each corner one by one and record the

                         number of edges and corners obtained after every step.

 

                          

Shape

         No. of edges

      No. of corners

Rectangle

 

 

After folding 1st corner

 

 

After folding 2nd corner

 

 

After folding 3rd corner

 

 

After folding 4th corner

 

 

 

                    

                       c)   Fold a paper five times in any way.  Unfold and draw any shape on the                                 creases formed.  Record the number of edges and corners of the shape                          drawn.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Activity 6 :      To make the following shapes using tangram pieces

                          

                       

 

                           i) a cat                       ii) Numeral 4

 

Activity 7:       To make a time scheduler from wake up time to bed time on a working 

                        day and a holiday.

 

 

 

Activity 8:       To represent multiplication tables, from 2 to 5, using lines and dots by an                                   activity method.  (Use stickers to represent dots)

                         

 

Activity 9:       To identify a number as an even number or an odd number, by making

                         pairs of beads/ pebbles/counters.

                          

Activity 10:     To experience money transactions using fake notes and coins

 

                        i) Rs. 20 note    = four Rs. 5 notes/ coins

                        ii) Rs. 20 note   = two Rs. 10 notes

                        iii) Rs. 20 note = ten Rs. 2 coins

iv)Rs. 20 note  = twenty Rs. 1 coins

 

 

CLASS 4

 

Activity 1:       To draw the following on a dot paper

i)                    triangle

ii)                   square

iii)                 rectangle

 

Activity 2:       (a)        To find the centre of a circle by paper folding and verify that

                                    length of radius of the circle is always same.

                        (b)        To make a geometrical design using compass and a ruler.

                        (c)        To make a pattern of different circles with

                                    i) same centre and different radii

                                    ii) same radii and centre's on the same line

 

Activity 3:       Do the following by paper folding

a)      Transform a square into

i)                    four rectangular quarters

ii)                   four square quarters

iii)                 four triangular quarters

 

b)      Transform a rectangle into

i)                    four rectangular quarters

ii)                   four triangular quarters

 

Activity 4:       To mark ¼ m, ½ m and ¾ m on a string of length 1 m.

 

Activity 5:       (Hand Print Activity)

 

a)      To shade 1/4th region of your palm print.

b)      To make patterns using thumb prints.

 

Activity 6:       To make a repeated tiling pattern on a dot paper , using geometrical shapes

                        as tiles.

 

Activity 7:       (a) To write a secret code message if all the English alphabets are replaced

                         by numbers from 1 to 26 ,respectively ,in order.

                         

 

                        (b) To decode the given message on the basis of above code.

                       

                        9          12   15   22   5              13    25        9   14   4    9   1

 

 

 

 

 

Activity 8: (a) To find the length of the boundary of the top of mathematics text

                         book in (cm) using a thread.

   (b) To find the length of the boundary of any shape in (cm) drawn on a paper

          using thread.

 

Activity 9:       To write your name using tangram set.

                         Note: Teacher may ask the students to cut tangram pieces using the given

                         diagram. Make duplicate copies of it.

 

                       

 

Activity 10:     (Group Activity)

                        Divide the class in the groups of 5(say) and perform the following                                              activities in each group.

 

i)                    Measure the height of each member in cm(s) using a measuring tape.

ii)                   Measure the weight of each member in (kg) using a weighing machine and answer the following.

iii)                 Who is the tallest member of your group?

iv)                 Who is the shortest member of your group?

v)                  What is the maximum weight measure in your group?

vi)                 What is the minimum weight measure in your group?

                       

                       

CLASS – 5

 

Activity 1:       To make a set of tangrams by paper folding using 8x8 grid.

 

                        

                        Using the tangram pieces do the following:

 

a)      Try to make a triangle, a square and a rectangle using 2 pieces of the tangram set.

b)      Try to make a triangle, a square and a rectangle using 3 pieces of the tangram set.

c)      Calculate the area of each part by counting complete squares and half squares.

 

Activity 2: (a) To make closed geometrical shapes using

i)                    3 match sticks

ii)                   4 match sticks

iii)                 5 match sticks

iv)                 6 match sticks

 

                 (b)   To observe the change in angles between any two adjacent match sticks.

 

Activity 3: (a) To identify a right angle, angle less than a right angle and angle more than                        a right angle using body parts and to draw them using stick drawings.

 

(b)      Write the word mathematics using straight lines and observe the number of right angles, number of angles more than a right angle and number of angles less than a right angle.

 

(c)      To make a degree clock by paper folding.

 

 

 

 

 

Activity 4:       To observe hands of the clock at different time in a day and record four                                     observations each of the following

 

(a)                right angle between hands of the clock

(b)               angle less than a right angle between hands of the clock.

(c)                angle more than a right angle between hands of the clock.

 

Activity 5: (a) To make rectangles of different dimensions on a squared paper using 12

                        adjacent squares.

 

                        

 

                 (b)   To calculate the perimeter and area of each of the rectangles so formed.

 

                 (c)  To observe the fact that shapes having same area may have different                              perimeter.

                 (d) To observe the relation between dimensions of rectangles and the factors of     

                       12.

Activity 6:       To calculate the perimeter of different shapes formed by shading six                               adjacent squares of dimension 1 cm each on a squared paper.

                         Some shapes are shown below

 

                            

 

Activity 7: (a)  To represent the fractions ½,  1/3 , ¼, 1/5, etc. using rectangular strips of                                  papers by paper folding.

 

                   (b) To represent the fractions ½ , ¼ , ¾ , 3/8 , 5/8 etc. of  a circular region by                                paper folding.

 

Activity 8:       To find the lines of symmetry in the following shapes by paper folding

 

i)                    a square

ii)                   a rectangle

 

Activity 9:       To make a 3x3 magic square, using numbers from 1 to 9.

                         Hint:

                        

 

Activity 10: (a)To make cube and cuboids of various dimensions using unit cubes

                       

 

                        i)   2x3x2          cubic units

                        ii)  3x3x2          cubic units

                        iii) 3x3x3          cubic units

                       

                  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

                (b)   To find the number of missing unit cubes in a given shape to obtain a

                         given shape of desired dimension .

 

                                  

                      Note: Teacher may ask the students to use unit cubes and explore.
                                                                CLASS – 6

 

Activity 1:       (a)        To verify that addition is commutative for whole numbers, by                                         paper cutting and pasting.

                                        

 

                        (b)        To verify that multiplication is commutative for whole numbers by                                   paper cutting and pasting.

                                      

 

Activity 2:                   To find prime numbers from 1 to 100 by Eratosthenes Sieve's                                       method.

 

Activity 3:              (a) to make a cube using the given net and count the number of faces,                                             vertices and edges.

                                

 

 

                    3 (b) To check which of the given nets can be folded to get a cube.

 

 

Activity 4:       To find the HCF of two given numbers by paper cutting and                                          pasting.

 

Activity 5:       To find the LCM of two given numbers by using number grid.

 

Activity 6                (i) Make a line segment of length 5 cm on a paper and do the  

                                     following by     paper folding.

(a)                Make a perpendicular line from a point on a given line.

(b)               Make two intersecting lines.

(c)                Make two parallel lines.

 

                                (ii)   Do the following by paper folding using a circular cut-out.

(a)                make a chord

(b)               make the diameter

(c)                shade minor and major segment

(d)               make a sector of a circle.

 

                                 (iii)   Represent the following by paper folding

(a)                straight angle

(b)               right angle

(c)                acute angle

(d)               obtuse angle

(e)                reflex angle

 

(iv) Make a protractor by paper folding.

 

Activity 7:       To classify the triangles on the basis of sides and angles from the given set                      of triangles.

 

 

Activity 8:       To make the following shapes using a pair of set squares.

 

                        i) square           (ii) rectangle      (iii) parallelogram          (iv) rhombus

                        (v) trapezium

 

 

Activity 9:       To represent decimal numbers 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 0.68 etc on a 10x10 grid by                              shading.

 

 

Activity 10:     To determine the number of lines of symmetry of following shapes by                             paper folding.

 

            (a)        equilateral triangle

            (b)        isosceles triangle

            (c)        square

            (d)        rectangle

            (e)        rhombus

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CLASS- 7

 

Activity 1:       To represent the following products of decimal numbers on a square by                                     drawing horizontal/ vertical lines and shading

 

i)                    0.3 x 0.7

ii)                   0.5 x 0.5

 

Activity 2:       To compare the marks obtained in all the subjects by a student in the first                                   and second term examination by drawing a bar graph using paper cutting                              and pasting.

 

Activity 3:(a)  Identify the conditions under which given  pair of angles are   

                        complimentary.

                  (b) Identify the conditions under which given pair of angles are 

                        supplementary.

 

Activity 4:       To verify that if two lines intersect at a point, then each pair of vertically

                        opposite angles are equal by paper cutting and pasting.

 

Activity 5:       To verify that if two parallel lines are cut by a transversal, then

i)                    each pair of corresponding angles are equal

ii)                   each pair of alternate interior angles are equal

iii)                 each pair of interior angles on the same side of transversal are supplementary

                        by paper cutting and pasting.

Activity 6:       (a)       To get a median of a triangle from any vertex, by paper folding.

                                   To verify that in a triangle, medians pass through a common point,

                                     by paper folding.

                        

(e)                To get an altitude of a triangle from any vertex, by paper folding.

                                    To verify that in a triangle altitudes pass through a common point,

                                   by paper folding.

 

       (Note: - Teacher may take different types of triangles classified on the

                     basis of sides and angles)

 

Activity 7:      (a)         To verify that the sum of all interior angles of a triangle is 1800 by

                                     paper cutting and pasting.

(f)                 To verify that an exterior angle of a triangle is equal to the sum of the two interior opposite angles by paper cutting and pasting.

 

Activity 8:       To verify that a triangle can be drawn only if the sum of lengths of any                            two sides is greater than the third side, using broom sticks.

                        Set 1:  5 cm, 7 cm, 11 cm

                        Set 2:  5 cm, 7 cm, 14 cm

 

Activity 9:       To verify Pythagoras theorem using a squared paper by shading the

                        squares.

 

 

Activity 10:       (a)      To draw a cube with an edge 5 cm long on an isometric dot paper.

                                    Also draw its oblique sketch.

 

   (b)     To draw a cuboid of dimension 7 cm, 4 cm and 2 cm on an

            isometric dot paper.  Also draw its oblique sketch.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CLASS – 8

 

Activity 1:       Fold a paper 8 times in any way.  Unfold and locate various convex and                                    concave polygons.

 

Activity 2:       To verify that the sum of interior angles of a quadrilateral is 3600 by paper                      cutting and pasting.

 

Activity 3:       To verify that the sum of measures of the exterior angles of any polygon is                      3600 by paper cutting and pasting.

 

                        (Note: Verify the result for a triangle, quadrilateral, pentagon and

                                      hexagon)

 

Activity 4:       To make the following by paper folding and cutting

                       

a.                   a kite

b.                  a rhombus

 

Activity 5:       To verify that

 

i)                    diagonals of a rectangle are of equal length

ii)                   diagonals of a square are of equal length

iii)                 Investigate the results for a rhombus and a parallelogram

, using stretched threads.

 

Activity 6:     (Group Activity)

 

a)                  Do a survey of your class and collect the data from all students of your class who spent more than 4 hours in watching TV.  Represent the collected data, in the form of a histogram by paper cutting and pasting.

b)                  Write how much you spent during a day in the following headings

 

            i) school           ii) homework    iii) play iv) sleep           

           v) watching TV vi) others

              Represent the information in a Pie chart.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Activity 7:       To observe the following number patterns and generate it up to next three steps

 

i)                        12 =                          1

                                      112 =              1          2          1

                                    1112 =  1          2          3          2          1

 

ii)                   1+3         = 4     =  22

1+3+5     = 9     = 32

1+3+5+7 = 162 = 42

 

                         (Note: Teacher may take any other such number patterns)

 

 

 

Activity 8:       Draw front view, top view and side view of the following shapes made by unit cubes.        

                             

 

Activity 9:       To make cubes and cuboids of given dimensions using unit cubes                                               and to calculate volume of each.

 

(i)                  4x3x2

(ii)                3x3x3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Activity 10:       To explore the relationship between

(i)                  Length (in cm) and perimeter (in cm)

(ii)                Length (in cm) and area (in cm2)

            of 5 squares of different dimensions drawn on a squared paper.

 

Length of a side (L)

Square 1

Square 2

Square 3

Square 4

Square 5

Perimeter (P)

 

 

 

 

 

Area (A)

 

 

 

 

 

P/L

 

 

 

 

 

A/L

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

List of materials for performing activities in Mathematics Lab

 

Grade – 3

 

       Dot paper

       Stickers

       1m long thick thread

       Rectangular sheet of paper

       Shoe box

       Geometry box

       Dice

       Beads/Pebbles/ Coloured Counters

       Fake notes and coins

       Coloured paper/origami paper

       Glue

 

Grade – 4

 

       Dot paper

       Geometry box

       String of length 1 m

       Square piece of paper

       Rectangular piece of paper

       Coloured paper/ origami paper

       Pair of scissors

       Glue

 

Grade – 5

 

       Coloured paper/ origami paper

       Match sticks

       Circular paper (for degree clock and representation of fractions)

       Squared paper

       Rectangular strips of paper

       Unit cubes of dimension, 1x1x1

       Pair of scissors

       Glue

 

 

 

 

 

Grade-6

 

       Net of a cube

       Squared paper

       Coloured paper/ origami paper

       Grid paper

       Circular papers

       Rectangular paper

       Net of prism and pyramid

       Paper strips

       Coloured buttons/ counters

       Grid paper

       Cut-outs of equilateral triangle, isosceles triangle, square, rectangle, rhombus

       Plastic English alphabet set

       Pair of scissors

       Glue

 

Grade 7

 

       Coloured paper/ origami paper

       Pairs of angle cut-outs

       Pair of scissors

       Glue

       Triangular cut out

       Broom sticks

       Squared paper

       Circular cut-outs

       Grid paper

       Strips and slip

       Rectangular paper

       Squared paper

       Isometric Dot paper

       Unit cubes of dimension 1x1x1

 

Grade 8

 

       Coloured paper / origami paper

        Pair of scissors

       Glue

       Paper net of a dice

       Unit cubes of dimension 1x1x1

       Match box

       3  containers with circular box of different radii

       Squared paper

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

            

 

 

 

                                                              Net of a cube

 

 

 

 

                                 Tangram

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

                Tangram on 8 X 8 Squared paper